@article{v6.v1.32017,
title = {Status of Rabies Suspected Cases in Human in Nekemte Health Center, East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia},
author = {Tadele Kabeta and Negasa Fufa
Wollega University, College of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary
Medicine P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/6-1-3-2/},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v6i1.3},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2017},
date = {2017-10-03},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
pages = {24-30},
abstract = {Abstract 
Article Information Rabies is encephalitis, almost inevitably fatal zoonotic disease. In Ethiopia it is highly endemic. Approximately 10, 000 people were estimated to die of rabies annually as the domestic dog plays a principal role as a reservoir and transmitter of the disease to humans which make it to be one of the worst affected countries in the world. A retrospective study was conducted from November, 2015 to April, 2016 in Nekemte Town health center with the objectives of reviewing of recorded data on the status of rabies. The result indicated that a total of 727 peoples that were bitten by rabies suspected animals within the period of 2012-2015 were received post exposure prophylaxis with an average of 242 people infected annually. Among the reported suspected human rabies cases recorded 52.7% were children (less than 15years age). The recorded data showed the underestimate of rabies cases who took post exposure prophylaxis, which could be attributed due to the absence of organized recorded data management system. Therefore, based on the current study findings, regular intervention targeted at controlling stray dogs, administration of anti-rabies vaccination and awareness creation in one- health manner is strongly recommended to reduce the severity of this fatal diseases.

Article History:
Received: 10-12-2016
Revised: 24-02-2017
Accepted: 06-03-2017

Keywords: Health Center, Nekemte, Rabies, Retrospective, 

*Corresponding Author: Tadele Kabeta
E-mail: firanfiri.04@gmail.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v6.i1.2017,
title = {Psychological Well-being and Emotional Intelligence on Academic Success of College Students in Wollega Zones},
author = {Assefa Degebas
Department of Behavioral Science College of Education and Behavioral Science Nekemte,
Wollega University P. O. Box 935},
url = {https://starjournal.org/6-1-4-2/},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v6i1.4},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2017},
date = {2017-10-03},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
pages = {31.48},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
This study was intended to investigate the contribution of psychological wellbeing 
and emotional intelligence to college students’ academic success using
correlational design. To examine these phenomena, all three colleges in
Wollega zones were included as samples of the study. Using stratified simple
random sampling techniques 346 sample students were selected proportionally
from both sexes. After collecting the data through questionnaire, correlation,
multiple regression and MANOVA statistical analysis were computed to notice
the quantitative result. The qualitative data collected through interview was
analyzed through theme analysis. Correlation results revealed that there is
significant positive relationship between the variables while, multiple regression
analysis showed significant variance of academic success of college students
due to predictor variables. Stepwise regression analysis also shows selfawareness and self-management from emotional intelligence; and selfacceptance, autonomy and personal growth from psychological well-being as
significant contributors for academic success. To examine whether there is
gender difference based on emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and
academic success, MANOVA was conducted and revealed that there is
significance difference between sexes on their academic success only. The
thematic analysis of interview result revealed that few students recognize and
understand the concept of emotional intelligence and psychological well-being.
Finally, it was recommended that college students should get awareness
training on the concept and importance of psychological well-being and
emotional intelligence through the coordination of their colleges as it facilitates
self-awareness, confidence, self-actualization and personal development which
contribute to academic success.
Article History:
Received: 10-12-2016
Revised: 24-02-2017
Accepted: 06-03-2017
Keywords:
Psychological well-being,
Emotional intelligence,
Academic success
*Corresponding Author:
Asefa Degebas
E-mail:
adegebas@yahoo.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v6.i1.12017,
title = {Public Awareness on Goat Meat Handling Practices and Its Public Health Implication in Dire Dawa Town, Eastern Ethiopia},
author = {Beshatu Ferede
Wollega University, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/imixypsu/2020/11/6.1.1.pdf},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v6i1.1},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2017},
date = {2017-10-03},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
pages = {1-14},
abstract = {A cross-sectional study was conducted from January, 2014 to April, 2014 following apparently healthy slaughtered goats at Dire Dawa municipal abattoir to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of abattoir workers, butchers and consumers on meat hygiene and food safety. A total of 20, 15 and 50 abattoir workers, butchers and goat meat consumers were respectively interviewed and observed during the work purposively following the slaughtered carcass. All abattoir workers use unclean knives while 18 (90%) of them keep equipments in unhygienic places. While 11(55%) of them consider that keeping meat hygiene is the role of the management. Among the 15 butchers interviewed, 13(86.7%) acquired meat selling skills from observations and 2(13.3%) of them from informal training. 14(93.3%) of the butchers did not use protective clothes and 12(80%) wash their hands merely with water after work. All butchers reported that they use a single knife for cutting meat and edible offal. Seven had worn jewelry and 14(93.3%) handled money while selling meat. Among the consumers interviewed, 28(56%) reported that they suffered food poisoning of which 22(78%) had medical attention as well as received antimicrobials and 2 (7%) were hospitalized. In general, this study result revealed that presence of poor personal hygiene, sanitation and high trouble of hygienic meat handling practice and awareness gap on foodborne disease, food hygiene and sanitation practice at different level of meat handling. Finally, authors recommended that the use of standardized procedures in slaughtering and handling of goat meat, provision of training on best practice of meat handling for handlers and raising the level of awareness of people.

Article History:

Received: 10-12-2016
Revised: 24-02-2017
Accepted: 06-03-2017
Keywords:
Abattoir, butcher, Consumers,
goat, hygiene, meat

*Corresponding Author:
Beshatu Ferede,
E-mail:
Basheef@yahoo.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v6.i1.22017,
title = {A STUDY ON PREVALANCE OF OVINE LUNGWORM INFECTION IN AND AROUND KOMBOLCHA, ETHIOPIA},
author = {Etsegenet Fentaw, Misgana Duguma & Dereje Abera
Wollega University College of Medical and Health Science
School of Veterinary Medicine, P. O. BOX 395 Nekemte, Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/imixypsu/2020/11/6.1.2-1.pdf},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v6i1.2},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2017},
date = {2017-10-03},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
pages = {15-23},
abstract = {A cross-sectional study was carried out in and around Kombolcha district of north
eastern Ethiopia, from November, 2015 to April, 2016 to determine the prevalence
and the predominant species of lungworms infection in sheep and to relate
lungworm infection with different risk factors in the study area. Fecal samples
were randomly collected from 407 sheep in and around Kombolcha town and
laboratory examination was done using Modified Baerman technique. The overall
prevalence of lungworm infection in the study area for this current study was 40%
(163/407). The lungworm parasite species identified by the fecal sample
examination were Muelleries capillaries, Dictyocaulus filaria and Protostrogylus
rufescens, with prevalence rate of 44.8% (73/163), 30.1% (49/163), 9.8% (16/163)
respectively and also mixed infection 15.3% (25/163) was present. Among those,
Mullerus capillaries were more prevalent in study area than Dyctyocaulus fillaria
and Protostrongylus rufescens. The sex of animals in study area did not show
significant association with the prevalence of lungworm infection (P= 0.68). The
prevalence rate of lungworm parasite was higher in adult 46.72% (107/229) and
lower in young animals 31.46% (56/178). This indicates there is a significant
association between the prevalence of lungworm infection and age of sheep (P =
0.002). The body condition of animals was also found to be significantly
associated to the prevalence of lungworm infection (P=0.00) and highest in
animals which have poor body conditions 72.22% (65/90) than medium and good
scores. Management system was another factor found to be significantly
associated (P= 0.001) with high prevalence rate under extensive management
system 46.72% (114/244) than semi-intensive Management system 30.06%
(49/163) with lungworm parasite infection. The present study shows that
lungworm infection was one problem of sheep in the study area. Thus, control and
prevention of lungworm infection in the study area need due attention.
Article History:
Received: 10-12-2016
Revised: 24-02-2017
Accepted: 06-03-2017
Keywords:
Ethiopia, Kombolcha, Lung
Warm, Prevalence, Sheep
*Corresponding Author:
Misgana Duguma
E-mail:
Misganadu2007@yahoo.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v5.i12016,
title = {Effects of Blended Fertilizer Rate and Time of Application on Growth and Yield of Sugarcane Ratoon Crop at Arjo-Sugar Factory, Western Ethiopia},
author = {Dereje Legesse1, Hirpa Legesse2* and Negash Geleta2
1
Arijo-Didesa Sugar Factory, Ethiopia Sugar Corporation, Arijo, Ethiopia
2
Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Wollega university, P.O. Box: 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/170032-article-text-437090-1-10-20180420/},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.1},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2016},
date = {2016-03-29},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {1-8},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
Lack of appropriate agronomic practices related to fertilizer management is a major
constraint to enhancing sugarcane yield in Ethiopia. The effect of optimum rate and time of
blended fertilizer application on yield and quality of ratoon commercial crop is not known at
Arjo Didessa Sugar factory. Therefore, the field experiments were conducted with the
objectives of assessing the effect of blended fertilizer at different rate and time of application
on Ratoon sugarcane growth and yield of cane. The treatments consisted of eight levels of
blended fertilizer with N (0, 150, 111N, 200 and 103N, 250 and 94N, 300 and 85N, 350 and
76.4N, 400 and 68N kg ha-1 and recommended fertilizer rate) and two times of application
(one and two month after harvest). The field experiments were laid out as Randomized
complete block design in a factorial arrangement and replicated three times. A sugarcane
cultivar named N-14 was used as a ratoon material. Analysis of variance of the data
revealed that the blended fertilizer application rate had significant effect on ratoon weight per
stalk, node number, plant height, node length and cane yield sugar yield. Blended fertilizer
rate and time of application and their interaction showed only highly significant on stalk girth
and stalk population and interaction was significant effect on weight per stalk and node
length at the time of harvest. However, application of blended fertilizer at different time and
their interaction on plant height, cane yield and node number did not showed significant
effect. Blended fertilizer treatment with the rate of 250kg ha-1 blended fertilizer mixed with
94kg N ha-1 at one month after harvest resulted in higher ratoon cane weight per stalk, stalk
girth, cane yield, sugar yield, node length, stalk population and node number. Therefore,
highest cane yield was recorded at late application time of blended fertilizer at lower dose
and higher dose of nitrogen. Therefore, treating the ratoon cane by 250kg ha-1 BLF with 94kg
N ha-1 at one month after harvest had evidently the advantage of improving ratoon cane
growth and yield performance.
Article History:
Received : 30-01-2016
Revised : 27-03-2016
Accepted : 29-03-2016
Keywords:
Biomass
Cane Yield
Blended Fertilizer
Time of Application
Growth
*Corresponding Author:
Hirpa Legesse
E-mail:
hirpa.leg@gmail.com
Copyright@2016 STAR Journal, Wollega University. All Rights Reserved.},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v5i1.22016,
title = {Response of Bread Wheat (Tritcum aestivum L.) to Nitrogen after Major Leguminous Crops Rotation in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia},
author = {Bereket Haileselassie1,2, Sofonyas Dargie1*, Mehretab Haileselassie1,
Fisseha Hadgu1 and Medhn Berhane1
1
Mekelle Soil Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box: 1070, Mekelle, Ethiopia
2
School of Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences, Haramaya University,
P.O. Box: 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.},
url = {https://starjournal.org/5-1-2-4/},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.1},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2016},
date = {2016-03-29},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {9-15},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
Crop rotation is a common practice in the study area, but there is no enough information on
the specific rate of nitrogen to be applied after legumes for wheat production. Hence, on farm
field experiments were conducted to determine the amount of nitrogen fertilizer rates needed
for bread wheat after chick pea, grass pea, fababean and field pea precursor crops. The field
experiments were conducted during 2014 main cropping season at Hawzien after chick pea
and grass pea and at Emba Alaje after fababean and field pea precursor crops. The
experiment consists of six nitrogen rates (0, 11.5, 23, 34.5, 46 and 69 kg Nha-1) laid in a
RCBD with three replications. Phosphorus, sulfur and potassium fertilizers were also applied
as basal for all plots at sowing. Surface soil samples were collected before planting and
analyzed for selected soil properties. Soil analysis result of the experimental sites revealed
that total nitrogen content (%) of the soil after chickpea-wheat (0.0695), grass pea-wheat
(0.067), fababean-wheat (0.074) crop rotation were categorized under low range and after
field pea-wheat (0.102) under medium range. Application of nitrogen had significantly
increased grain and straw yield at Hawzien district after chick pea and grass pea precursor
crops. At Emba-Alaje the highest grain yield was recorded on plots treated with 69 kg N ha-1
(6242 kg ha-1). Grain and straw yields of wheat increased up to a rate of 46 kg N ha-1 after
fababean at Emba-Alaje district. There is no significant difference in grain and straw yields of
wheat due to application of nitrogen after field pea crop rotation. In Hawzien the highest
agronomic efficiency after chick pea and grass pea was recorded from plots treated with 46
kg N ha-1 and 34.5 kg N ha-1, respectively. In Emba Alaje the highest agronomic efficiency
after faba bean and field pea was recorded from plots treated with 11.5 kg N ha-1 and 23 kg
N ha-1 , respectively. At Hawzien, the partial budget analysis revealed that application of 46
kg N ha-1 for bread wheat after chick pea and grass pea was economical with 1545% and
796 % marginal rate of return, respectively. At Emba Alaje, the partial budget analysis
revealed that application of 34.5 kg N ha-1 for bread wheat after fababean was economical
with 895% marginal rate of return. It could be concluded that application rate of N for wheat
after leguminous crops should consider initial soil N and precursor crop.
Article History:
Received : 06-01-2016
Revised : 14-03-2016
Accepted : 20-03-2016
Keywords:
Crop rotation
Nitrogen
Grass pea
Chick pea
Fababean
Wheat
*Corresponding Author:
Sofonyas Dargie
E-mail:
sofifidel97@gmail.com
Copyright@2016 STAR Journal, Wollega University. All Rights Reserved.},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v5i1.32016,
title = {Soil Quality Attributes Induced by Land Use Changes in the Fincha’a Watershed, Nile Basin of Western Ethiopia},
author = {Getahun Kitila1*, Heluf Gebrekidan2 and Tena Alamrew3
1
College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wollega University, Post Box No: 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia
2
School of Natural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Haramaya University, Post Box No: 138,
Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
3
Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Post Box No: 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/5-1-3-2/},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.3},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2016},
date = {2016-03-29},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {16-26},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
The success of soil management to maintain soil quality depends on an understanding of how
soils respond to land use and practices over time. As a result, the important soil quality
indicators were investigated under two land use systems to provide base line data for future
research in the Fincha’a Valley Sugar Estate (FVSE), within the Nile basin of Western
Ethiopia. The evidences provided by this study indicated that land use changes caused
changes on soil bulk density (ρb), soil water content, Particle size distribution (sand, silt and
clay), soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter (SOM), total N, carbon to
nitrogen ratio (C:N) and available phosphorous (Av. P). The study revealed that soil organic
matter (SOM), sand content and total N decreased with increase in soil depth. While bulk
density (ρb), EC and clay content increased with soil depth. Particle size distribution (sand,
silt, and clay) varied with land use, soil depth and soil type. Particle size distribution was
changed from Sandy clay to clay due to land use change. Bulk density (ρb), EC, soil organic
matter (SOM) and C:N varied significantly (P<0.01, P<0.05), respectively, with land use and
soil depth. Land use changes caused bulk density (ρb) to be increased. The study indicated
that soil pH was higher in irrigated land than the un irrigated land. This attributed to the
transportation of soluble cations from the upstream to the downstream irrigated land by water
soil erosion. The different soil fertility management practices also contributed to the variation.
On the other hands, soil organic matter (SOM) and total N were lower in irrigated land.
Relatively, the lower soil organic matter (SOM) and total N contents in irrigated land attributed
to the optimum soil moisture content throughout the year that created favorable environmental
condition for SOM decomposition. The study also revealed that soil management groups and
soil water holding capacity at field capacity and permanent wilting point were affected by
irrigation (land use).It was identified more than 50% of the soil quality indicators increased
with depth. This might be the influence of irrigation water in accelerating leaching process.
The main degradation process overcome the study area was waterlogging and soil
compaction. The irrigation development in the area requires improved drainage network and
proper land management. Therefore, reducing the intensive mechanized tillage practices and
use of integrated inorganic and organic fertilizers could replenish the degraded soil quality for
sustainable agricultural production in the study area. It is therefore, suggested that
appropriate and integrated land management options for different land use systems together
with identification of soil management groups and water retention characteristic curves are
required to sustain agricultural productivity while protecting the environmental degradation.
Article History:
Received : 01-02-2016
Revised : 27-03-2016
Accepted : 28-03-2016
Keywords:
Soil Quality
Land Use
Soil Type
Environment
Sugarcane
Land Management
Fincha’a Valley
Western Ethiopia
Fertilizers
*Corresponding Author:
Getahun Kitila
E-mail:
gkitila@gmail.com
Copyright@2016 STAR Journal, Wollega University. All Rights Reserved. maldamercy@yahoo.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v5i1.2016,
title = {Effects of Different Proportions of Dried Cafeteria Leftover Inclusion in a Concentrate Mix on Performance of Growing Pigs},
author = {Tesfaye Amene1, Mengistu Urge2, Mitiku Eshetu2 and Diriba Diba3
1
Department of Animal and Range Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource Management,
Mada Walabu University, P.O. Box: 247, Bale Robe, Ethiopia
2
School of Animal and Range Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences,
Haramaya University, P.O. Box: 138, Dire-Dawa, Ethiopia
3
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Wollega University, P.O. Box: 395, Nekemte,
Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/170061-article-text-437148-1-10-20180420/},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.4},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2016},
date = {2016-03-29},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {27-34},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion of dried Cafeteria leftover
(DCLO) at various levels in concentrate mix (CM) on feed intake, digestibility, average daily
gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass characteristics, and economic benefits of
weaned pigs at Haramaya university piggery. Twenty Yorkshire pigs with initial live weight of
19.89±0.297kg (mean±SE) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a completely
randomized block design each with five replicates. The experimental rations were sole CM
(mixture of maize grain, wheat short, wheat bran, noug seed cake, soybean mill, vitamin
premix and salt), replacement of the concentrate with DCLO at different proportions as
(33%CM and 67% DCLO; 67% CM and 33% DCLO) and feeding with only sole DCLO. The
mean feed intake ranged 1.6-1.82kg/day and ADG was 0.4-0.64kg/day. The least feed intake
was for sole DCLO (P<0.05) and the highest for 67% CM:33%DCLO. The FCR (w/w) was
lowest (P<0.05) for pigs fed 33% DCLO diet, and pigs fed 67% DCLO:33%CM achieved
highest FCR. Crude protein digestibility did not differ between treatments, but DM, EE and CF
digestibility increased with increasing level of DCLO in the diets. The mean carcass weight
(43.7kg-57.02kg) was highest in 67% CM but lowest in sole DCLO. Back fat thickness (2.4cm-
3.2cm (SEM=±0.03)) was lowest in sole CM but highest in sole DCLO. The highest and
lowest (P<0.05) rib eye area (23.9 cm2-31.9cm2 (SEM=±0.81)) were recorded for sole CM and
sole DCLO, respectively. Cost of feed per kg weight gain was declined significantly (P<0.01)
with increasing level of DCLO. Despite the lower production cost of sole DCLO groups, the
pigs showed lower performance and this must have contributed to lowest net return of the
groups. Thus, it is concluded that DCLO can replace the conventional concentrate mix up to
67% without adverse effect on pig performance.
Article History:
Received : 02-10-2016
Revised : 24-12-2016
Accepted : 26-12-2016
Keywords:
Carcass
Digestibility
Live Weight Gain
Nutritive Value
Profitability
*Corresponding Author:
Tesfaye Amene
E-mail:
tesfuam@gmail.com
Copyright@2016 STAR Journal, Wollega University. All Rights Reserved},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v5i1.2016,
title = {Effects of Urea-Molasses Multi-nutrient Blocks (UMMB) Supplementation on Some Production Parameters of Lactating Horro Cows at Horro Guduru Animal Production and Research Center, Western Ethiopia},
author = {Dereje Duressa1* and Temesegen Bersissa2
1
School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollega University, P.O. Box: 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia
2
Horro Guduru Animal Production and Research Center, Wollega University, Guduru, Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/imixypsu/2020/10/5.1-5.pdf},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.5},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2016},
date = {2016-03-29},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {35-38},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
The effects of dietary supplementation of urea-molasses multi nutrient block of lactating
Horro cows fed Rhodes grass (chloris gayana) hay as a basal diet on milk yield, milk
composition, feed intake and live weight change was studied on-station (at Horro Guduru
Animal Production and Research Center of Wollega University). Sixteen cows in similar
parity and lactation were randomly assigned to two groups: group A (control) and group B
(UMMB-supplemented). The control group received baled Rhodes grass hay as a basal
diet and small amount of concentrate; whereas the supplemented group (B) received
UMMB in addition to the normal ration offered to the control group. The experiment was
conducted for 60 days during the dry months. Mean daily milk yield and feed intake were
higher in the cows supplemented with UMMB (P<0.01) compared to the un-supplemented
group. The average milk yield for control and supplemented groups are 1.62 and 2.38
respectively. On the other hands no significant differences were observed among the
supplemented and control group for milk composition and body weight gain (P>0.05).
However the body weight gain is slightly better for the supplemented group. The increased
milk production due to UMMB supplementation in this study could be attributed to the
increased intakes of energy and nitrogen that was accessed through block
supplementation.
Article History:
Received : 05-01-2016
Revised : 14-03-2016
Accepted : 19-03-2016
Keywords:
UMMB
Rhodes grass
Milk yield
Feed intake
*Corresponding Author:
Dereje Duressa
E-mail:
Copyright@2016 STAR Journal, Wollega University. All Rights Reserved. derejeduressa@yahoo.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v5i1.2016,
title = {Feed Intake, Milk Yield and Composition, and Profitability of Horro Cows Fed Rhodes Grass Hay Supplemented with Ficus sur (Cv. Forssk) Fruits},
author = {Diribe Kumsa1*, Mitiku Eshetu2 and Diriba Diba1
1
Department of Animal Sciences, Wollega University, P.O. Box: 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia
2
School of Animal and Range Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O.Box: 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/170063-article-text-437153-1-10-20180420/},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.6},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2016},
date = {2016-03-29},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {39-45},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
An experiment was conducted in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, at Guduru Animal Production
and Research Center (GAPRC) of Wollega University to evaluate the effect of Ficus sur (Cv.
Forssk) fruits (FSF) supplementation on feed intake, milk yield, composition and profitability
of Horro cows. Twelve healthy lactating Horro cows of similar lactation stage, body weight
and condition were selected from GAPRC. All of the selected cows were in early (one weak
to 10days) lactation stage. The experiment had three treatments with four replications
arranged in a randomized complete block design to which 2-5 parities were used as blocking
factor, and three cows were used per parity. The treatments were: T1, Rhodes grass hay
+1.7kg Oat grain +0.8kg Noug seed cake, T2, Rhodes grass hay +0.56kg Noug seed
cake+0.97kg oat grain +0.97kg FSF and T3, Rhodes grass hay +0.8kg Noug seed cake+
1.7kg FSF. The experiment was conducted for 60 days, including 15 days of adaptation.
Except for crude protein intake, there were significant (P<0.05) differences in total dry
matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber intakes among
treatment groups. Milk yields were increased with increase in levels of FSF in the diets.
Except Lactose content, the compositions of milk were significantly differed (P<0.05) among
treatment groups. Milk fat was highest for cows fed T1 diet. Supplementation of FSF was
more profitable than those supplemented with oats grain (OG). In conclusion,
supplementation of Horro cows with different proportion of FSF and OG maintained on basal
diet of Rhodes grass hay has increased feed intake, milk yield and milk composition of dairy
products. Due to high cost of agro industrial by products and cereal grains, it is
advantageous to use FSF as supplement to improve milk production and composition, and
profitability of Horro cows. Since FSF is promising energy supplement, further research is
suggested to study the propagation and management of Ficus sur trees and estimation of
their fruit yields.
Article History:
Received : 02-10-2016
Revised : 24-12-2016
Accepted : 26-12-2016
Keywords:
Feed intake
Ficus sur
Milk yield
Composition
Horro cows
*Corresponding Author:
Diribe Kumsa
E-mail:
dirokg@gmail.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v5i1.72016,
title = {Study on Gastro Intestinal Parasite of Cattle at Horoguduru Animal Production and Research Center of Wollega University, Oromia, Ethiopia},
author = {Belay Beyene*
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Wollega University, Shambu Campus,
P.O. Box: 38, Shambu, Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/5-1-7-2/},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.7},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2016},
date = {2016-03-29},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {46-50},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
Cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastro intestinal
parasite and protozoan emeria, to determine the common risk factor and to identify the
commonly existing parasitic eggs at Horoguduru animal production and research center of
Wollega University. To determine the sample size, an expected prevalence of 50% was taken
into consideration since there was no research work on gastro intestinal parasitic eggs at the
center. 384 animals’ fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of cattle into a
universal bottle containing 10% formalin and transported to the laboratory for examination.
Carpological examination was done at Wollega University Shambu campus animal science
and, food and nutrition department. Coprological examinations were made within 12 hours
after sample collection. Eggs of nematode, cestode and trimatodes were identified. In this
study egg of paramphistomum, fasciola, haemonchus, strongylus and monezia are the
commonly identified eggs by floatation and sedimentation techniques. Sedimentation
technique was used to detect the presence of fluke eggs in the fecal samples. The result
showed that the overall prevalence of gastro intestinal parasite is 133/384 (34.6%).The result
showed that the prevalence were 27.8% in young age group, 40% in adult age group and
35.4% in old age group. The result also reported that the prevalence of the parasite was
48/86(55.81%) in cross breed and 85/298(28.5%) in local breed. The study depicted that the
prevalence of the parasitic egg are 88/219(40.18%) in female animals and 45/165 (27.27%)
in male animals. In this study from the total of 134 infected animals 85/134(63%) were
infected by single infection and49/134 (36.57%) were infected at least with two different
genera of gastro intestinal and protozoan parasites. The prevalence of eggs of each single
infection were Paramphistomum 27/85(31.76%), Fasciola 17/85(20%), Ascaris
15/85(17.95%), Monezia 9/85(10.59%), Tricuris 7/85(8.24%), Strongyloid types 6/85(7.06%),
Haemonchus 2/85(2.53%), and 1/85(1.18%) of Nematodurous and Emeria It also showed
that from the total of multiple infections 9/49(18.36%) was infected with three types of
parasitic genera and 40/49 (81.63%) were infected with two different genera. In conclusion
separate grazing land for young animals (calves), separate Water and feed trough for
different age category and risk factors based strategic deworming were recommended.
Article History:
Received : 05-01-2016
Revised : 24-03-2016
Accepted : 28-03-2016
Keywords:
Gastro intestinal parasite
Carpological examination
Prevalence
Protozoan emeria
Fecal samples
*Corresponding Author:
Belay Beyene
E-mail:
belaybwak@gmail.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v5.i1.82016,
title = {Developing Empirical Relationship between Interrill Erosion, Rainfall Intensity, Slope Gradient and Soil Types in Highlands of Salale, Ethiopia},
author = {Habtamu Adenew Weletu*
Faculty of Resource Management and Economics, Wollega University, P.O. Box: 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia},
url = {https://starjournal.org/170065-article-text-437157-1-10-20180420/},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.8},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2016},
date = {2016-03-29},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {51-60},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
In order to develop an empirical relationship for interrill erosion based on rainfall intensity,
slope steepness and soil types, an interrill erosion experiment was conducted using
laboratory rainfall simulator on three soil types (Vertisols, Cambisols and Leptosols) for the
highlands of North Shewa Zone of Oromia Region. From simulation work done using 450 x
320 x 100 mm erosion test pan; splashed soils, runoff and washed soils were collected at 5
minute interval for each 15 minutes simulation run at various combinations of design rainfall
intensities of 25.67, 52.14, 73.50, and 99.20 mmhr-1, slope steepness of 5, 20, 35, and 50%
and the three soil types. Runoff rate, splash and wash loss were measured to obtain a total
soil loss from the test pan. Different models relating interrill erosion with rainfall intensity and
runoff rate were considered and their coefficients and parameters were estimated. From the
models, those with highest prediction potential (R2) were selected to be incorporated into
models consisting soil properties and used to form six basic models of which three of them
had shown average R2 values of more than 0.95. Accordingly, five slope factor equations
were combined with the three selected models and thus 15 models were formed. Out of
these models, three of them had shown R2 > 0.90 and were further compared with each other
using the graph plotted for observed versus predicted interrill erosion. This showed that
model incorporating rainfall intensity, runoff rate, median soil particle diameter, % clay and
quadratic form of slope factor carried higher prediction potential than the other two models
and selected as the final model for predicting interrill erosion. As this model incorporates
more factors than those previously developed models, it ensures more accurate estimation
of interrill erosion.
Article History:
Received : 16-01-2016
Revised : 19-03-2016
Accepted : 22-03-2016
Keywords:
Interrill erosion
Empirical equations
Erosion models
*Corresponding Author:
Habtamu Adenew
E-mail:
sinanhaw29@gmail.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
@article{v5i1.2016,
title = {Quality Analysis of Breads Produced from Blends of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) and Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica L.)},
author = {Demelash Hailu Mitiku1*( Department of Food Technology and Process Engineering, Wollega University, Shambu Campus, P.O. Box: 38, Shambu, Ethiopia)},
url = {https://starjournal.org/imixypsu/2020/11/170066-Article-Text-437159-1-10-20180420-1.pdf},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.9},
issn = {2226-7522 (Print) and 2305-3372 (Online)},
year  = {2016},
date = {2016-03-29},
journal = {Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {61-68},
abstract = {Abstract Article Information
Bread making is currently limited to wheat and a few other commonly used cereal seeds in
many countries. The study was conducted with the general objective of quality evaluation of
breads produced from blends of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) and Anchote (Coccinia
Abyssinica L). The result of proximate composition of composite breads of wheat and
Anchote ranged from 4.00 to 5.89% for moisture, 1.00 to 2.03% for Ash, 4.25 to 5.35% for
protein, 1.54 to 2.14% for fat, 0.43 to 0.93% for fiber, 90.37 to 91.25% for carbohydrate and
404.96 kcal/100g for energy. The iron and zinc content increased as the supplementation of
Anchote flours increased from 5 to 15% and the calcium content was decreased. The
Antinutritional contents of the result showed that as the supplementation level of Anchote
flour increased, the phytate, oxalate, tannin and cyanide content were increased. Generally,
the study revealed the effect of replacement of wheat flour with Anchote flour (5 to 15%). As
the addition of Anchote flour increased from 5 to 15%, the overall acceptability decreased
even though the produced breads were accepted. Anchote flour can be used for different
food product development as it enhances the mineral and also fibers which is good for the
health of human being.
Article History:
Received : 05-01-2016
Revised : 11-03-2016
Accepted : 16-03-2016
Keywords:
Anchote
Bread
Proximate composition
Minerals
Antinutritional factors
*Corresponding Author:
Demelash Hailu Mitiku
E-mail:
hailudeme@gmail.com},
keywords = {STAR},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}